Springtime means baby season for Iowa wildlife, beginning with the first hatched great horned owls in March and on to June, when most of the pheasant chicks arrive, and nothing looks more innocent and cute than baby animals. For proof, just check the internet.[wpedon id=”82220″ align=”center”]
And on occasion, these cute fluffy and feathery, clumsy and gangly babies are discovered all alone and “rescued” from their mother into a cardboard box and whisked to the nearest office of the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
While the “rescuer” may have had the best intentions, they likely have doomed the very animal they aimed to save.
Many wildlife babies die soon after “rescue” as a result of the stress of being handled, talked to and placed into the unfamiliar surroundings. Should it survive this trauma, they often succumb more slowly to starvation from improper nourishment, pneumonia or other human-caused sicknesses.
“All species of wildlife have highly specific needs for survival,” said Karen Kinkead, coordinator of the Wildlife Diversity Program for the Iowa DNR.
Rescuing a baby from its mother not only shows bad judgement, Kinkead said, but it’s also illegal.
“Most mammals are nocturnal,” she said. “Mother will hide her young during the day so she can sleep or look for food, so it’s perfectly normal for the young to be alone or unattended during the day. Don’t assume a fawn or a nest full of baby cottontails or raccoons are orphaned.”
The transition to independence varies by species from as little as four or five days to weeks or even months. Most wildlife babies leave before they can care for themselves. They may become widely scattered during this fledgling period, but they remain under the direct care and feeding of their parents.
Young birds appear clumsy and vulnerable because they really are clumsy and vulnerable. As the fledging process continues, survivors smarten up fast while the slow learners quickly fade. Most birds have less than a 20 percent chance of surviving their first year.
As the morel mushroom season hits full stride, so does the number of calls to the Iowa DNR about finding “abandoned” fawns.
A fawn’s self-defense is to remain motionless and blend in with the background vegetation, but that is often mistaken for abandonment. What callers don’t realize is that the mother doe is likely hiding nearby, waiting for the human intruder to leave so she can resume taking care of her fawn.
“The Iowa DNR does not rehabilitate or raise wild animals to the point of self-sufficiency,” said Tyler Harms, biometrician with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Research Section, “and because of the expanding presence of chronic wasting disease in the Iowa deer herd, we do not allow deer to be taken to a private rehabilitator to be raised and released.”
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurological disease that affects deer, elk, moose and caribou. In some locations where the disease has been active the longest, it is causing population declines. The disease can be spread through the saliva, urine, feces or blood of an infected deer. Once shed into the environment, the infectious agent, a deformed prion protein, can remain viable and infect healthy deer for years.
Infected does can pass along the disease to their fawns, if not before birth then afterword through grooming and close contact.
Infected deer may not show symptoms for about two years, making the disease difficult to find. There is currently no practical way to test live deer. The only way is to collect tissues (lymph nodes) from a dead deer and submit them to a lab for testing.
“We appreciate the passion people have to protect the fawns,” Harms said. “We have it too. But all it takes is one infected deer to be taken to a pen or other area where it can infect other deer and the environment, then the likelihood of any healthy deer getting sick at the facility increases dramatically.”
Harms said the best chance for fawns or baby ducks, raccoons, skunks and birds to survive is for them to be left alone, in the wild and under the care of their animal parents.
For questions relating to fawns, contact Tyler Harms of the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Research Section at 515-777-5378. For questions relating to other wildlife babies, contact Karen Kinkead of the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Diversity Program at 712-330-8461.
